CASE STUDY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CASE STUDY - Essay Example Typically, a client that is very serious about purchasing a new product, a new line, or a development package is usually going to be on time to the meeting and show the salesperson as much respect as possible in hopes that they can ease down the price of the products with their charm and good will. At 10:20am another non-verbal clue took place when another salesperson that was Andrews’ competitor walked into the office for a 10:30am appointment. Not only was the buyer for Skaggs Manufacturing tardy for their meeting, but she already had another salesperson scheduled for an immediate meeting right after Andrews. Gillespie also showed many counts of blatant disrespect toward Andrews. For one, there was a 10 minute period where she was discussing a tennis match for that day with the secretary instead of concentrating on who was there for a scheduled appointment. Finally, as Andrews began to speak with Gillespie in her office she gave him no attention, no eye contact and was focused on reading letters from her desk instead of what he had to say. The final sign of disrespect came when she answered the phone in the middle of their meeting and began talking with her husband for another 10 minutes until she finally saw the frustration on Andrews’ face. Each of these non- verbal clues was blatant hints that Andrews was not going to be able to earn the business of Skaggs Manufacturing that morning and he had definitely wasted his time. If I was John Andrews, I would have likely performed many of the same behaviors that he did. He kept calm during many different frustrating events where he was being blatantly ignored and disrespected by the buyer for Skaggs Manufacturing. Still, his job is to sell the product, so it is important to maintain an aura of professionalism and do his best to earn the customer’s business. Unfortunately, he was never able to actually give a sales pitch

Tutorial School Essay Example for Free

Tutorial School Essay To most students, exams are detestable because they suffer greatly whenever an exam comes. Undeniably, examinations play such an important role in education of Hong Kong that they make students usually bury themselves among their books and notes during examinations. One way that students used to deal with exam is attending tutorial school. In recent years, tutorial schools have become popular among secondary school students. More and more students have been attending tutorial classes; even some of them have already gotten satisfactory results in their schools. One can easily find his/her friends and classmates joining tutorial class. We can also easily detect the great numbers of advertisements of the large-scale tutorial schools in the streets, televisions and magazines. In fact, is there a great trend in attending tutorial classes for secondary school students? Are these tutorial classes really beneficial to the students who have joined them? It will be interesting to study all these issues about the recent trend of attending tutorial classes. The objectives of this project are as follows: 1) to find out the reasons that make students go to tutorial schools 2) to see the effectiveness of attending tutorial classes 3) to distinguish whether this phenomenon is related to the mode of nowadays education system 2 Chapter 2 Methodology 2. 1 Choice of method Quantitative method was adopted for this project. A questionnaire was designed and issued to secondary students (From 1 to 7) through the internet and 66 samples were collected since it was convenient to set up questionnaires on net. 2. 2 Classification of the studying target In Hong Kong, the most popular kinds of tutorial course can be classified as private tutorial school, individual tutorial teachers and tutorial class held by school. For the last type, it is usually free of charge and for the purpose of helping those students with poor academic result or putting more focus on students who get good academic result. For this project, I intend to focus more on the first two kinds of tutorial courses since the third kind is usually arranged by the school and the purpose of which is not for making money. Also, whether joining its tutorial class is not decided by students. 2. 3 Target group For this project, all secondary school students will be my target groups because the condition of receiving tutoring among them is more common than that among primary school students, according to a research1, conducted in 2005 by Professor Bray from Hong Kong University, had shown that nearly 50% of primary and lower secondary students receive tutoring while at upper secondary the proportion students receiving tutoring is about 70%. The results of Form 4 to Form 7 students can especially be used in the part to investigate whether this phenomenon is related to the mode of nowadays education system. 1 Private Supplementary Tutoring: Comparative Perspectives on Patterns and Implications,2005 3 2. 4 Questions asked The questions asked were mainly related to the following areas: 1) The general information about the respondents, for example, which Form the respondents belong to, whether they have received tutoring, etc. 2) The reasons of attending tutorial classes, for example, the pressure from parents, following friends decision, and the self-orientated necessity, etc. 3) Some information about attending tutorial schools, for example, which types of tutorial class the respondents joined, how much they pay for receive tutoring per month, etc. 4) The factors concerned when choosing the tutorial school, for example, the popularity, following friends choice, the academic background of tutorial teachers, etc. 5) To what extend going to tutorial classes is effective, for example, it really helps them to get the knowledge, or it helps them to get good result only, etc. 6) The factors that stop students from attending tutorial classes. 7) The possible problems created by this phenomenon, for example, becoming not attentive in classes, time consuming, unfairness between poor and rich students, etc. 2. 5 Problems faced and solutions A few limitations about Internet questionnaires were predicted and observed; fortunately, most of them can be solved. Firstly, although writing the questionnaires in English would be more convenient for me to record down the findings, some respondents might find it difficult to understand the direct meanings of the questions and thus provided the false answers. Secondly, respondents, without seeing them directly, could do the questionnaires repeatedly and thus manipulated the results. Thirdly, respondents might lose temper if the questionnaires were time-consuming and troublesome to finish. As a result, they did the questionnaires playfully, without filling in the correct answers. Lastly, only a few options provided might not be enough to cover all the possibilities of the answers. In response to the above limitations, some improvements have been made as the followings. Firstly, the questionnaire was written in Chinese, which is the most familiar language to the respondents so that they could understand clearly of what the questions were asking. The results also show that all respondents could follow my instructions as none of them answer the questions that they didnt need, for example, respondents who receive tutoring dont need to answer Q15. 4 Secondly, I choose to produce the questionnaire in a website (www. my3q. com) where detection of the source of the received questionnaire form was possible so that if people did the questionnaire repeatedly, I would know. Thirdly, the questionnaire after amendment was only including 15 questions, while all questions are to the point. So that the respondents could fill in the questionnaires within a minute and at the same time I could get enough data I need. Lastly, I have included more options in the questionnaire, and if respondents still have other comments that are not included, they could choose the option â€Å"other†. I believe the proportion of choosing other will be small that not enough to influence the results. 5 Chapter 3 Literature review. There was mainly one previous research, which I could find and had been used to compare with the results of my findings. The research, â€Å"Private Supplementary Tutoring: Comparative Perspectives on Patterns and Implications†, was conducted by Professor Bray in Hong Kong University last year to investigate the Governments current policies on tutoring, the impact of tutoring on mainstream schooling and the society, such as the household expenditure, social equalities and mental development of children, etc. He investigated about 700 primary and secondary school students and found that nearly 50% of primary and lower secondary students receive tutoring; and at upper secondary the proportion is about 70%. Using this ratio, there are 500,000 primary and secondary students receiving tutoring. Professor Bray also found that the condition of joining tutorial class in Hong Kong is more serious than those of our neighboring countries, such as Japan and Korea. The reasons behind discovered were due to schools in Hong Kong usually focus on students academic results, and Hong Kong labor market as well as getting a place in University are very competitive, causing students to join tutorial class. However, Professor Bray pointed out the tutorial classes will cause adversely impacts on mainstream schooling, for example students receiving tutoring became less attentive in class, and influence students’ mental development. He also pointed out that the Government was not doing enough to prevent the existence of unqualified tutors. However, the survey had mainly focused on the reasons and impacts of attending tutorial classes, but less on the effectiveness of receiving tutoring and discussion of whether receiving tutoring is related to the mode of nowadays education system. Therefore, in this project, besides looking at the former 2 areas and comparing them with Professor Brays results, I had also investigated about latter 2 areas to provide some new information about the existing situation. 6 Chapter 4 Findings and Analysis 4. 1 General information of the questionnaire I posted the questionnaires in the Internet on 7/8/2006 and collected them on 24/8/2006. The respondents added up to a total of 66. 4. 2 Details of the results Analysis on the 3 kinds of tutoring Popularity of the 3 kinds of tutoring among different forms: From the above data, 10 of the respondents who received tutoring have received 1 to 1 tutoring, 17 of them have attended small-scale tutorial school and 21 of them have attended large-scale tutorial school. It shows that large-scale tutorial school has the biggest proportion of pupils to choose attending among the 3 choices. Moreover, the chart shows the relationship between the kinds of tutoring and the forms of respondents: The lower forms tend to attend 1 to 1 tutoring, while the higher forms trend to attend small-scale tutorial school and large-scale tutorial school. 7 Reasons for choosing different kinds of tutoring: According to Chart 4. 2, the main reason that respondents of all three kinds of tutoring will consider when choosing a tutor/tutorial class is â€Å"The recommendation of their friends or classmates†, where 34 respondents had chosen this item. As a contrast to Chart 4. 8 which shows that not much respondents will be influenced by friends or classmates to receive tutoring, Chart 4. 2 shows that 69% (34/48) of respondents will consider the recommendation of their friends or classmates when choosing a tutor/ tutorial school. It shows that the influence of peers will be more likely to appear only after respondents had made a decision to receive tutoring. On the other hand, besides the item â€Å"Others†, which none of the respondents had chosen the items that chosen by the least respondents of different kinds of tutoring are also different. For respondents receiving 1 to 1 tutoring and small scale tutoring, most likely they wont consider the item â€Å"results in public exam of students who received tutoring there† and â€Å"the advertisement of that tutor/tutorial school†. It is probably because of the insufficient of information and students usually are hard to know the results in public exam of students who received tutoring in l to l tutoring and small scale tutorial schools, and because there are not much advertisements that made by them. Therefore, respondents that consider these two factors important will not choose these two forms of tutoring. For respondents receiving large scale tutoring, most likely they wont consider the items â€Å"the convenience of location† and â€Å"The qualification of tutors†. It may due to the reasons that large scale tutorial schools cannot be found everywhere and respondents usually have to bear a transportation cost when going to them. Furthermore, the large scale tutorial schools will not advertise themselves about qualification of their tutors. Therefore, respondents consider these factors important will not choose this form of tutoring. 8 Effectiveness of the 3 kinds of tutoring: Major benefits Receiving tutoring in large scale school, most respondents can know the skills to answer questions, while receiving 1 to 1 tutoring and small scale tutorial school, most respondents get the knowledge. Generally speaking, 63% (31/48) of respondents can know well in answering questions after receiving tutoring, and at the same time 57% (28/48) of respondents can get the knowledge from receiving tutoring of all 3 kinds of tutoring. It shows that many tutors can teach their students the knowledge as well as the skills in answering questions. Only 4 respondents feel that they can get nothing helps from receiving tutoring and 2 respondents dont know what receiving tutoring helps them. It also shows that a few respondents will still receive tutoring even though they think it is helpless or they dont recognize what it helps. It should be due to the reason that among them, 5 of their tutorial fees are less than $200 per month and all of them are receiving tutoring for less than 5 hours per week. Receiving tutoring is not a financial burden to their family and doesnt influence their daily activities, so they continue. 9 Other benefits The above chart shows the advantages of receiving tutoring to students performance in lesson. As shown in Chart 4. 4, most respondents believe that the main changes of their attitude are â€Å"understand the lessons than before† and â€Å"remain unchanged†, which made up of 41. 6% (20/48) and 35. 4% (17/48) of the tutoring-portion. On the other hand, only 1 respondent say that he/she â€Å"becomes more concentrate than before† and 3 respondents say they â€Å"become less concentrate than before†. This result indicating that a higher portion of students are able to understand their lessons than before also echoes with Chart 4. 9 which states that 57% (28/48) of respondents can also get the knowledge from receiving tutoring. But this is also one of the possible reasons affecting a few students concentration in classes. 10. Shortages Respondents of all 3 kinds of tutoring most likely are unsatisfied with the expensive tutorial fee. The respondents receiving large scale tutoring are most likely to have the chance of raising questions, and this phenomenon is not commonly found among the other 2 kinds of tutoring. Small scale tutoring is the one that have the most of its students (29%) feeling no defects, while none of respondents receiving 1 to 1 tutoring think that there are no defects. On the other hand, 1 respondent thinks that the things taught are too simple. However, he/she also thinks that he/she still dont quite understand the contents of the books. The tutor may be teaching those things that the respondent already understood instead of going though those parts the respondent found difficult. Another possible reason is that the tutor is not able to answer the questions of the respondent. This reason is more possible because the respondent is receiving 1 to 1 tutoring, which is supposed to be easier to ask questions. Effectiveness in terms of the actual academic result. In general, respondents academic result is slightly improved after receiving tuition, especially for those who attend large scale tutoring. 11 Analysis on nowadays education systems The above chart shows that the number of respondents attending tutorial class is 2. 7 times of those not attending tutorial class. For Form 1-3, 12 of them are attending tutorial course while 9 of them are not. The percentage for Forml-3 respondents to attending tutorial classes over the total Form l-3 respondents is about 57%. For Form 4-5, 19 of them are attending tutorial course while 6 of them are not. The percentage for Form 4-5 respondents to attending tutorial classes over the total Form 4-5 respondents is about 76%. For Form 6-7, 17 of them are attending tutorial course while 3 of them are not. The percentage for Form 6-7 respondents to attending tutorial classes over the total Form 6-7 respondents is about 85%. From the above data, the comparison of percentages of difference groups shows that the group Form 6-7 is having the biggest proportion of students attending tutorial school and group Form 4-5 also have more percentage of students receiving tutoring than Form l-3. The higher the forms, the more the students receive tutoring. The result is the same as the one of Professor Brays research. The chart reflects some problems of the nowadays education system. 12 1) Pressure of attending public exams Students themselves view their academic result important and especially for Form 4-7, who have to attend the public exams. Therefore, 32 and 13 of them have attended tutorial schools for the reason â€Å"To improve their academic result† and â€Å"To maintain their academic result†. Not only respondents, their parents will also request them to attend tutorial class, but the influence of the parents to respondents of Form 6-7 will decrease. It shows the failure of the Government to promote â€Å"studying is not for mark†, as the traditional thinking that â€Å"academic result is very important† is still built in peoples heart firmly. 2) Lacking of trust to school teachers 33% (16/48) of students think that the tutors teaching method better than the school teachers. One possible reason for that might be because the tutors are more likely to be humor and can use more interesting way to present the knowledge to students. Another chart, Chart 4. 13, also shows that only 2% (l/48) of respondents that dont receive tutoring because he/she thinks that the school teachers are good enough. Although this result doesnt show whether respondents think that the school teachers are not good enough to teach them knowledge or not good enough to teach them examination skills, it still can indicate that respondents lack trust towards their school teachers. 3) Spoon-fed Education More than half of the respondents (26/48) receiving tutoring in order to look for skills to answer questions, especially for Form 4-5 and Form 6-7, which have 58% (11/19) and 64% +(11/17) of them attend tutorial school for this reason. It shows that the format of examination is not changing and people can get the trick to perform better in it. By face-to-face contact, students can ask questions more easily and the tutors can have more interaction between themselves and their students. On the other hand, receiving tutoring by video can also be viewed as a kind of â€Å"spoon-fed education†. Chart 4. 9 shows that 73% (35/48) of respondents think that receiving tutoring by face-to-face contact is better. Back to Chart 4. 5, 31% (15/48) of respondents think that there is too little time for students to raise questions when receiving tutoring. Both Chart 4. 9 and Chart 4. 5 suggest that general respondents desire two-ways teaching than single-way teaching actually. 13 Other Education Problems 1) Unbalance between studying and extra curricular activities: Chart 4. 10 shows that more than half (62. 5%) of the respondents usually receive tutoring less than 5 hours per week. It indicates that attending tutorial class consumes not much time too many respondents. However, Chart 4. 11 shows that nearly half of the respondents will have less time for activities other than studying. Are most of the respondents, saying that they have less time for activities other than studying, receiving tutoring more than 10 hours per week? Are most of the respondents, saying that they dont have less time for activities other than studying, receiving tutoring less than 10 hours per week? 14 The table declared 3S below shows that the answers for both questions above are: No. Table4. 1 (Combining Chart 4. 10 and Chart 4. 11): 15 hours 1 (33%) 2 (67%) Yes No After combining the two charts, I found that more than 50% of the respondents said they have less time for extra curricular activities, even though they receive tutoring less than or equal to 10 hours per week. At the same time, more than 65% of the respondents said they dont have less time for extra curricular activities, even they receive tutoring more than or equal to 10 hours per week. These suggest that how much time spending on receiving tutoring might not have direct relationship with affecting the time for having extra curricular activities. The contradicting result for more than 50% of respondents receiving tutoring less than 10 hours per week but having less time for extra curricular activities may due to the reason that although receive tutoring only a few hours per week, traveling to attend tutorial class takes time, or revision and homework are assigned by the tutors, or they choose to sacrifice the time for having extra curricular activities first when they have to receive tutoring. While the contradicting result for more than 60% of respondents receiving tutoring more than 10 hours per week but not having less time for extra curricular activities may due to the reason that these data are collected by a few number of respondents, that might not be able to reflect the general condition. In short, the result shows that it is quite unbalanced between studying and extra curricular activities for respondents. Some students may put too much time on studying and they may sacrifice their time for extra curricular activities (e. g.nearly 50% of the respondents have less time for activities other than studying after receiving tutoring). They may not have an all-round and well-balanced development. 15 2) Heavy financial burden to family and Unfairness between the rich and poor: From Chart 4. 11, most respondents usually pay more than $800 for the tutorial fee per month. It is the same as the results of the Census Statistics Department found in 04/052. According to the Census Statistics Department, the average monthly expenditure on tuition is $1069, $879 and $828 of students of lower secondary, upper secondary and preparatory course respectively. Chart4. tt shows that the tutorial fee of the respondents is mostly bore by then-parents, which would become a financial burden of their family. None of them receive tutoring freely. Besides, only one respondent will pay the tutorial fee by himself/herself, using the money he/she got from his/her part-time job. This may affect his/her studies and health if he/she put too much time on doing part-time job. Fortunately, most respondents dont need to do so. As mentioned before, receiving tutoring may become a financial burden to the family and most respondents of not receiving tutoring because of the expensive tutorial fees. Even for those who receive tutoring, 63% (30/48) of them said the tutorial fee is expensive. This may create the unfairness between the rich and the poor that only those who can afford can receive tutoring. 16 Chapter 5 Conclusion Unlike what the impression of the general public, attending tutorial schools are not only teaching skills for students to tackle the examinations. Other than that, it can also provide quite a lot of benefits to students, such as getting the knowledge and having more confidence, as well as providing benefits to school, because students are able to understand the lessons better. It can be viewed as a useful assisting tool for teaching students besides the normal school. However, the trend that more and more students received tutoring reflects some problems about the existing education system as well as creating some new problems. The existing education system is emphasizing too much on the academic results and making students have a wrong attitude that the most important thing is to get high score. Besides, the spoon-feeding way of teaching used makes students not encourage to have critical thinking. Yet, it is fortunate to find that general respondents desire 2-ways interaction actually. To change peoples traditional thinking of getting high score is the most important is still a long way to go. It is hoped that the government can promote to the society that the importance to learn the knowledge is as same important as, if not more than, getting the marks, and also getting high score is not the only way to reach success. On the other hand, changing the traditional teaching method may be one of the solutions. Students interest in learning will be aroused and students can develop critical thinking instead of just receiving what have been told, by using 2-ways interaction. Teachers can also try to have a more interesting way to teach, for example, using real life examples to explain the difficult theories in books 17 Reflection After completing this study, I have a better understanding of the reasons for and impact on teenagers who attend tutorial classes. Unlike many people’s suspicion of the benefits of tutorial classes, the survey results indicated how the positive impact of tutorial classes attracted students. However, there may be a need to collect more data to further reveal the relationships between the traditional teaching methods in schools and the trend of attending tutorial classes. (Word count: 3797) 18 Chapter 6 Bibliography 1. ‘Private Supplementary Tutoring: Implications’, Mark Bray, 2005 Comparative Perspectives on Patterns and 2. Latest 2004/05-based Consumer Price Indices, Census Statistics Department, 2005 3. Youth Opinion Polls No34 Students and Private Tuition, Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups (HKFYG), May 1996 4. , * · , *  ·1994  · 5.  ·1992 6. 2000 19 Appendix Questionnaire 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Marks awarded and Comments: Title: Stage III: Marks Comments: Is attending tutorial classes a new trend? 5-6 The candidate is able to explain how s/he discerns the research direction with the knowledge basis from the literature review. Furthermore, analytical skills are demonstrated by the manipulation and integration of data to enrich the findings from the survey. Though the candidate is able to put forward suggestions with reference to the findings, s/he does not justify well the conclusion by employing and analyzing the data. There is a sweeping argument of relating the trend of attending tutorial classes to the spoon-feeding education system. Also, one of the enquiry questions, â€Å"Is there a trend in attending tutorial classes for secondary school students†, is not addressed in the study. 32

Descent to the Underworld in the Aeneid by Virgil and the Odyssey by Ho

Descent to the Underworld in the Aeneid and the Odyssey I chose to compare the Odyssey written by the Greek poet Homer and the Aeneid by the Roman poet Virgil. I will focus my interest on Book 11 of the Odyssey and Book 6 of the Aeneid, since that is when both of the main characters make an educational visit to the underworld. The description of the underworld created by Homer's wild imagination, inspired Virgil eight centuries later. Virgil's masterpiece was planned as an imitation of Homer's poems, so one automatically starts comparing the creations of the two authors. They were separated by eight centuries and by the cultural differences of their people. These differences are reflected on the structure of their compositions. At first the reasons for Aeneas's and Odysseus's voyage to the world below seem similar. Both of them want to receive information from the people who have already died. This knowledge is necessary in order for them to continue a successful life in the real world, amongst the real people. Aeneas wants to ask his wise father Anchises for advise about the foundation of a new state - Rome. His father tells him about the future of his family. This prophecy includes the history of Rome all the way until the days of Virgil himself. What glories follow Dardan generations ====================================== In after years, and from Italian blood What famous children in your line will come, Souls of the future, living in our name, I shall tell clearly now, and in the telling Teach you your destiny.[1] The need for Odysseus to travel to the underworld doesn't seem to be motivated at all... ...not only the characters but also the poets who wrote the two outstanding compositions, on which all of the world's literature is based. Homer who glorifies the great value of a person and Virgil who glorifies the grandeur of the State - Rome. [IMAGE] Works Cited Fagles, Robert. The Odyssey. New York: Penguin Books USA Inc. 1996 Fitzgerald, Robert. The Aeneid. Penguin Books. --------------------------------------------------------------------- [1] Virgil Aeneid B.6 line 1015 [2] Homer Odyssey B.11 line 111 [3] Homer Odyssey B.11 line 129 [4] Homer Odyssey B.11 line 153 [5] Homer Odyssey B.11 line 614 [6] Homer Odyssey B.11 line 540 [7] Virgil Aeneid B.6 line 883 [8] Virgil Aeneid B.6 line 824 [9] Virgil Aeneid B.6 line 835 [10] Virgil Aeneid B.6 line 1230

Leadership purpose reflective essay Essay

?After watching this interview, I feel that a well defined leadership purpose statement is the distinction between a good leader and a great leader. Carolyn McKnight’s interview on leadership purpose statements really opened my eyes to the power of these statements, and the time and energy one needs to put into creating a leadership purpose statement. At first it seemed that completing a statement this powerful would be a very daunting task. After watching Mrs. McKnight’s interview, I am confident in my ability to come up with a statement, and that I will have the courage to follow through with it. The most significant thing in a true leadership purpose statement is authenticity according to Mrs. McKnight. Webster’s defines authenticity as† real or genuine†. Taking this and Mrs. McKnight’s statements into account I took a minute to think about how authentic I am. I realized that I know myself well enough to know where my strengths and weaknesses lie. Another aspect of my life that makes me believe in my authenticity is that many people have told me they value my opinions. This is because I always tell them exactly how it is even when I know it is not what they want to hear. With this knowledge I am able to establish creditability and responsiveness with other people. The question was asked â€Å"How do you begin to determine leadership purpose? † Mrs. McKnight gave several examples of what one can do to find this. â€Å"What is the root of my life? † was one question she brought up that can help you find a purpose. I immediately identified the roots of my life as hard work, determination, and dedication. I attribute all my success in my life to these three principles. I started to think about failures that I have had in my life. It made me wonder if I would be able to find a place where I got off course and did not apply one of these principles. Another statement that stood out to me under this question was â€Å"Find what gives you meaning. † My achievements are what give me meaning. I learned more about why I feel this way after I took the Strenghts Finder assessment. It pointed out that I was an â€Å"Achiever† and could not be satisfied at the end of the day without feeling that I had achieved something. Every goal that I accomplish makes me feel more confident and more ambitious about what else I can achieve. Out of the examples she gave these are the two I think that will help me determine my leadership purpose statement. The part of the interview that discussed people struggling with conflict, with their leadership purpose was something that I really focused on. Early on in the interview an example was given that an â€Å"acorn will become an oak†. When the subject of struggle comes up Mrs. McKnight ensures us of this fact and mentions to not fight it. She goes on to talk about all the people pleasing we do throughout our lives. This was a huge eye opener to me because I notice my need to please people, like my family. This causes conflict with the telling it straight attitude that I try to maintain with the people in my life. When I find myself trying too hard to please people, I lose some authenticity and it weakens my purpose. She stated that we really need to find what we want and not what other people want for us. I can see myself struggling with this as I develop my leadership purpose statement. I liked that she mentioned having the courage to follow what you deeply want. To me, people who can follow a path to what they want while sticking to it through the good times and the bad are really courageous. Emotional intelligence was another key area brought up in the interview. The three areas that were brought up under this topic are self awareness, social awareness and self regulation. Our text book offers another interesting point that supports Mrs. McKnight’s insights. The text book says that mental intelligence will get you into a management position but it stops being helpful after entry into that position. A leader needs to have good emotional intelligence to continue to lead. Self awareness has to do with my purpose and I am working towards finding that in this class. I know that I worry about how other people perceive me but I do not think that is the same thing as recognizing it, which is social awareness. I think that I will have to spend some time mastering the first two elements of emotional intelligence before I can work on self regulation. I do not know how I can stick to a path and make corrections to get back to it, until I have established a clear path. There were some interesting comments made about behaviors that help us get closer to our purpose. A reflective practice of checking in twice a day was brought up. I thought about how I might do this and I know that I would struggle with this significantly. I worry about how honest I would be with myself, so I would have to check in with my wife or a close friend that will keep honest with my feelings. I would have never thought that some kind of physical activity would help me get closer to my purpose. After hearing Mrs. McKnight talk about these practices I can see how it would help. A great example of a physical activity that can help you is the one Mrs. Enders gave on how posture and stance help the way people perceive you as a leader. I hunch over, it is mainly because I am tall and do not like being overly imposing to others. It is something that I can work on physically that might help me with my purpose. The examples of purpose statements that were given were amazing. I think that the statement â€Å"I am a drop of water, flowing peacefully, showing love carving deep canyons out of granite† was an insightful statement. I think this will stay with me for a long time not because of how insightful I found it but because of the story that went with it. The fact that the CEO was able to recognize that he was not following his statement and quit his job in order to find a path back to it, was very inspirational. I want to have that kind of courage and belief in my purpose statement and I will think of this story heavily, while I am creating it. After watching this interview a few times in preparation for this paper, it really helped me get a grasp on the concept of a leadership purpose statement. This interview has given me a good set of tools for not only creating a good purpose statement, but knowing how to stay true to it, and knowing how to deal with obstacles I will face while trying to live by it. By taking the time to reflect on this interview I started to learn more about a subject I have not spent much time on; Myself.

Miles Davis’ Milestones

One very interesting genre of music which is as popular before as it is today is Jazz. Jazz is often termed as the music of the soul, and it tends to manifest in words and melody the feelings of the heart. This music started as early as the 1800, with the birth of the blues by the African-American community. The blues, which are songs that are derived from hymns and work songs, became the foundation of jazz. The full-blown birth of jazz came about at around 1900 at New Orleans. Jazz in here is depicted as a blend of different types of music – opera, military bands, church music, ragtime, African drumming, and even some dance styles (Marsalis, 2008). Through the time, jazz has evolved in itself, giving birth to a number of sub-styles such as bebop, dixieland, swing, and modern jazz. This evolution also brought about a number of great composers, and hundreds of great songs. Miles Davis is one of these composers. He was a pioneer in cool jazz, a type of experimental jazz which involves voices unfamiliar to traditional jazz. One of his famous songs holds his name in it – Milestones. This track was recorded at around 1958, and is an advent on Miles’ take on working with modal jazz – another type of jazz (Biography, 2005). In this essay, I will try to expound more on this recording by discussing some important elements found in it, namely its melody, harmony, and rhythm and how they blend together to form a jazz sound. Read also about  Coleman Hawkins Melody is simply defined as a flow of notes, a flow of tones which sounds pleasing to the ear. In regular jazz music, there are usually two kinds of melody. One is melody being played at the start and end of pieces. These are usually notated, and strictly followed. The second one is the melody produced when a soloists improvises. Improvisation is very important in jazz, and the melody produced in here must be exciting at the same time pleasant to listen to. It should not be boring and must never outshine the other instruments too much. In the song Milestones, there is a distinct difference heard between these two melodies. Its first melody flows smoothly, creating a feeling of easiness, being subsided by notes. Then, the solo kicks in with a series notes alternating between fast and slow speeds. These contrasting melodic patterns give a great deal of interest for the listener. It creates a relaxed sensation at one moment then gives a slight tension at another. If melody is the horizontal aspect of music, harmony is its vertical counterpart. It comprises of notes being played together, such as triads, major chords, fourth and other intervals. In the song Milestones, harmony is best described as an accompanying effect to the soloist. Better known as â€Å"comping†, this provides a bed on which the soloist improvises on. The song’s harmony has a very strong and tight feeling. This is due to the modal take of the song, wherein the song uses a single scale. Thus, both the soloist’s melody and the harmony of the other players fit perfectly with each other. Also, the harmony is not only played as strict flow, but it is constantly modified. For example, it plays on counts 2 and 4 for some bar, and then suddenly shifts to 1 and 3. The harmony also plays syncopated notes, notes that are off beat the normal rhythm. This gives an additional excitement to the overall feeling of the song. But most importantly, it supports the soloists and never tries to overpower it. Milestones also portray another important element common to jazz takes – its swinging rhythm. This is usually attained by the rhythm section by playing triplets, or three notes at a count, and omitting the middle note. This rhythm gives a forward feeling and tends to move along that direction. It is very different from common contemporary songs, where the downbeat or the quarter note is very much accented. In Milestones, the downbeat is almost lost; in fact the first count of every bar is usually unaccented both by the rhythm section and the soloist. In a whole, the rhythm of the song produces a slightly danceable feeling, but in a cool and slow way. The song’s tempo is not that fast, but the swinging rhythm gives it a kind of push that tends to create a continuous flow of music. These elements give the song a traditionalistic view since it holds the very foundation of jazz music. The swinging rhythm, the accompanying harmony, and the soloist’s melody are the main components of a good jazz song. Miles Davis expanded more on this by creating a much more intricate solo filled with varying tempos and dynamics. The other band members were also able to add to the flavor of the song by playing their parts in a very interesting manner yet still being in perfect fit with each other. In a nutshell, Miles Davis was able to fuse traditional jazz elements with a great deal of experimentation, producing the masterpiece Milestones. References Marsalis, M. (2008) History of Jazz/Black History in America. Retrieved February 22, 2008 from http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/bhistory/history_of_jazz.htm Miles Davis Biography (2007), retrieved February 22, 2008 from http://www.milesdavis.com/bio.asp

Definition and Examples of Compound Adverbs

Definition and Examples of Compound Adverbs In English grammar, a compound adverb is a construction in which one adverb is paired with another adverb (or sometimes with another part of speech). Together these words are used to modify a verb, an adjective, another adverb, or an entire clause. Also called a compound modifiers, compound adverbs are sometimes written as one word (e.g., somewhere), sometimes as one hyphenated word (self-consciously), and sometimes as two words (inside out). Multi-word adverbs are commonly called adverbial phrases. In the Oxford Modern English Grammar (2011), Bas Aarts notes that English allows a great variety of compounds and not everyone agrees exactly on how to delimit the class of compounds. Examples I came every day to see him, neglecting my other students and therefore my livelihood.(Bernard Malamud, The German Refugee. The Saturday Evening Post, 1964)Therefore is a compound adverb that has the largest number of occurrences in the Helsinki Corpus... Along with therefore, thereupon is the only other compound adverb that emerges in Middle English but continues into [​Modern English] and up to the present day. (Aune Osterman, There Compounds in the History of English.Grammaticalization at Work, ed. by Matti Rissanen et al. Walter de Gruyter, 1997)Instead of ordering an immediate pursuit of the Confederate forces, McClellan waited overnight, and then timidly headed west to South Mountain, still believing that Lees dirty, hungry, and tired army heavily outnumbered his Union force. (Ed Okonowicz, The Big Book of Maryland Ghost Stories. Stackpole, 2010)Emerson made no distinction between honest and dishonest methods of getting the bicycle. Sometimes he would discuss plans for d eceiving the owner of the hardware store, who would somehow be maneuvered into sending it to him by mistake, and sometimes it was to be his reward for a deed of heroism.  Sometimes  he spoke of a glass-cutter. (Elizabeth Bishop, The Farmers Children.  Harpers Bazaar, 1949) Each of the career military pilots  was a graduate of his respective test pilot school, while the NASA pilots  were trained  in-house. (Milton O. Thompson,  At the Edge of Space: The X-15 Flight Program.  Smithsonian, 2013)Billy  spoke off-line, then came back on. Leslie will meet you with one at the airplane. (Tom Wilson, Final Thunder. Signet, 1996)There was a time, however, and not too many years ago, when the average plastic worm fisherman wasnt so all-fired certain that a sudden move was the best move. (Art Reid,  Fishing Southern Illinois. Southern Illinois University Press, 1986)[Paul Nitze] tried to halt the Korean War and then helped stop it from spreading. He tried, early on, to extricate the United States from Vietnam. (Nicholas Thompson, The Hawk and the Dove: Paul Nitze, George Kennan, and the History of the Cold War. Henry Holt, 2009)We went to a restaurant, and I behaved very well, but I couldnt eat, and then we went to the train and people looked at us, but I couldnt smile. (Harold Brodkey, Verona: A Young Woman Speaks. Esquire, 1978) The worst of it was it got so hot. That was a bad time for me I tell you. I got pretty thirsty. I dont know how I kept on that piece of board but I did, for three days. I got sunburnt, I tell you, pretty badly. The last day I dont remember anything. (William Carlos Williams, White Mule, 1937)I amused Emily; I almost always made her smile. (Alice Adams, Roses, Rhododendron. The New Yorker, 1976)He addressed a small statue of a saint which stood upside down on the washstand, propped in this uncomfortable position between tooth mug and soap dish. (Lyle Saxon, Fabulous New Orleans, 1939)He seemed to have a lot of luck- but why not, sometimes you did have luck, and he had felt all along that this leave was going to be wonderful. (Martha Gellhorn, Miami-New York. The Atlantic Monthly, 1948)Cato was calling out, over and over, Now the ship is sinking inch by inch! Now the ship is sinking inch by inch! (Elizabeth Bishop, The Farmers Children. Harpers Bazaar, 1949)Quite instructively, Menno K amminga has made the important point that the European system has performed quite poorly when faced with situations of egregious violations of human rights. (Obiora Chinedu Okafor, The African Human Rights System, Activist Forces and International Institutions. Cambridge University Press, 2007) Formal Compounds Several compound adverbs that can be classed in (iii) [i.e., temporal ordering subsequent to a given time reference] are found only in certain formal varieties of contemporary English: henceforth, henceforward, hereupon, thenceforward, thereafter, thereupon, whereupon. (Randolph Quirk et al., A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language, 2nd ed. Longman, 1985) A Minor Category [C]ompound adverbs are not very numerous in Present-day English. Some of them are morphologically opaque historical relics, such as the negative operator NOT, which goes back to the Old English noun phrase NAWHIT. It is questionable whether compounding with WHERE, THERE and HERE is still productive today. Many compound adverbs have become polyfunctional as a result of secondary grammaticalization. Many have also reduced their functional load in the course of time, including the conjuncts HOWEVER and THEREFORE... (Matti Rissanen, Introduction. Grammaticalization at Work, ed. by Matti Rissanen, Merja Kytà ¶, and Kirsi Heikkonen. Walter de Gruyter, 1997)

Get the best dissertation writing services help!

Get the best dissertation writing services help! In high school students find essay writing not a big deal. They will in a day or two and deliver the results and in return awarded excellent results. As the drill goes on, they complete high school. They are then filled with extreme joy and curiosity to find out what happens in college. Whilst some rejoice, some are scared of the future. When enrolling in college they meet new concepts, ideas and advanced knowledge. The curious lot will go ahead to exploit ways in which to get through in college and graduate. The fearing group perhaps accepts everything as it comes waiting to earn average grades. But there is a paper that succeeds to keep every college student awake: dissertation paper. A dissertation paper is one of the challenging assignments university students tackle. It is used to test the understanding of concepts that have been taught the entire college period. If a student has for a better part missed lessons he or she should have a problem writing a dissertation. Being extremely technical, one has to be careful when writing. But the better alternative as considered by students is to seek for dissertation writing services. Dissertation writing company has to prove its worth to its customers. Unless a student wants to simply get rid of the assignment. Students should keep in mind that only few top dissertation writing services exists. And without guidelines its also difficult to differentiate the best from the worst. Dont entrust dissertation writing to companies that are scams and check out these reviews that will help you to choose the top service! How to find best dissertation writing services: Generally its very challenging to find dissertation help. Unlike essay papers, one cannot get fellow friends to help with a dissertation. It is a paper that is difficult to everyone and calls for professionals. Finding the best dissertation writing service is what every student devotes to. The significance given to a dissertation paper is high as it plays a role in future careers undertaken. One major thing to focus on is dissertation writers. They must have obtained the highest qualifications and from the best universities. This paper requires extensive writing skills and research effort. Best dissertation writers are determined by the two features. Writers determine how a dissertation paper will look like. The two features should help determine whether a service is one of the best or simply out to fraud. Price is also matter when looking for the best dissertation service. With its technicality, students should not expect a dissertation paper to be so cheap. One that requires students to spend is more likely to come in good shape compared to one paid for $13.99 per page. Good dissertation writers will spend their time in producing a good paper at an affordable price. If going for cheap dissertation writing, ensure its quality is top notch. Another factor to look at is an array of services offered by a company. Where its main business is to write a dissertation paper, give it a thought. This means this is a company that hires only dissertation professionals. The fact that their specialty lays in what many students call a problem, to them its much simpler.

How To Extract DNA

How To Extract DNA DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is the molecule that codes genetic information in most living organisms. Some bacteria use RNA for their genetic code, but any other living organism will work as a DNA source for this project. DNA Extraction Materials While you can use any DNA source, some work especially well. Peas, such as dried split green peas,  are an excellent choice. Spinach leaves, strawberries, chicken liver, and bananas are other options. Dont use DNA from living people or pets, as a simple matter of ethics. 100 ml (1/2 cup) of a DNA source1 ml (â…› teaspoon) table salt, NaCl200 ml (1 cup) cold waterenzymes to denature protein (e.g., meat tenderizer, fresh pineapple juice,  or contact lens cleaning solution)30 ml (2 tablespoons) liquid dishwashing detergent70-90% rubbing alcohol or other isopropyl or ethyl alcoholblenderstrainercup or bowltest tubesstraws or wooden skewers Perform the DNA Extraction Blend together 100 ml of DNA source, 1 ml of salt, and 200 ml of cold water. This takes about 15 seconds on high setting. You are aiming for a homogeneous soupy mixture. The blender breaks apart the cells, releasing the DNA that is stored inside.Pour the liquid through a strainer into another container. Your goal is to remove the large solid particles. Keep the liquid; discard the solids.Add 30 ml liquid detergent to the liquid. Stir or swirl the liquid to mix it. Allow this solution to react for 5-10 minutes before proceeding to the next step.Add a small pinch of meat tenderizer or a squirt of pineapple juice or contact lens cleaner solution to each vial or tube. Swirl the contents gently to incorporate the enzyme. Harsh stirring will break the DNA and make it harder to see in the container.Tilt each tube and pour alcohol down the side of each glass or plastic to form a floating layer on top of the liquid. Alcohol is less dense than water, so it will float on the liquid, but you don t want to pour it into the tubes because then it will mix.  If you examine the interface between the alcohol and each sample, you should see a white stringy mass. This is the DNA! Use a wooden skewer or a straw to capture and collect the DNA from each tube. You can examine the DNA using a microscope or magnifying glass or place it in a small container of alcohol to save it. How It Works The first step is to choose a source that contains a lot of DNA. Although you can use DNA from anywhere, sources high in DNA will yield more product at the end. The human genome is diploid, meaning it contains two copies of each DNA molecule. Many plants contain multiple copies of their genetic material. For example, strawberries are octoploid and contain 8 copies of each chromosome. Blending the specimen breaks apart the cells so you can separate the DNA from other molecules. Salt and detergent act to strip away proteins normally bound to DNA. The detergent also separates the lipids (fats) from the sample. The enzymes are used to cut the DNA. Why would you want to cut it? The DNA is folded and wrapped around proteins, so it needs to be freed before it can be isolated. After you have completed these steps, the DNA is separated from other cell constituents, but you still need to get it out of solution. This is where the alcohol comes into play. The other molecules in the sample will dissolve in alcohol, but DNA does not. When you pour alcohol (the colder the better) onto the solution, the DNA molecule precipitates so that you can collect it. Learn More About DNA 10 Interesting DNA FactsDNA Versus RNADNA Facts Quiz

Phil Company II Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Phil Company II - Research Paper Example This means that a company should create a brand after acknowledging the influence of economic forces on any given marketing environment. In the contemporary business environment characterized by economic forces created by free enterprise, a company’s brand has proven to play a substantial role in ensuring accomplishment of marketing objectives. Therefore, modern managers should develop reliable skills of initiating and developing a company’s brand. In the context of Phil Company, we will strive to create a brand that deems appropriate for the company’s marketing strategy. From a theoretical perspective, creation of a brand starts at the definition stage whereby a manager defines what a company’s brand should mean to all the interested stakeholders. Upon defining a company’s brand, the responsible manager determines clear objectives meant for that company (Julian, 2011). Based on the business profile of Phil Company and the prevailing marketing force s in the electronics manufacturing industry, Phil can develop a concrete brand by articulating marketing research information into their decision making processes. Research information helps in brand creation because it highlights the key stakeholders and their respective expectations with respect to the company’s marketing practices. In the context of Phil Company, research findings show the expectations of selected market segments. After an accurate definition of the brand, the next step should involve specifying the intended objectives of that brand to the interested stakeholders. A typical brand should communicate the intended message to the target audience(Peter, 2004). A brand should create a vivid perception of a company’s products’ qualities and uniqueness. Phil Company emphasizes the need to differentiate their product with respect to the element of competition in the industry. As a result, the brand developed will influence the target audience at an em otional level. The content of the created brand should achieve a feeling of connection to the consumers. In addition, Phil can achieve loyalty among the consumer population by engaging in the house of brands. In order to reach all its target audience, Phil Company will engage in active brand positioning, both at the domestic and the international market environments. Brand positioning can be achieved through the use of advertisement channels like the media, both television and print, or through the internet. Employment of these modes of advertisement will facilitate substantial positioning of Phil’s brand in both markets (Peter, 2004). Product pricing is another essential element in marketing. In a competitive environment characterized by the typical forces of free enterprise, product pricing is influential in a company’s marketing process. A business environment enjoying the economic aspect of free enterprise allows easy entry and exit from any product industry. In th is regard, the electronic products industry in the US and at the international level has numerous competing manufacturers. Therefore, Phil has to consider the influence of pricing during the development of their marketing strategy. Phil chooses to adopt three pricing strategies that can facilitate the development of comprehensive pricing principles. The first pricing strategy adopted by Phil is

Book analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Book analysis - Essay Example Those individuals who have a compulsion to erase most painful memories from recall are the most vulnerable to become MPD. Those individuals who have been subject to abuse or trauma as a child have a strong incentive to discard remnants of those experiences. The trouble is that memory is a physiological-neurological construct as opposed to being purely a facet of the mind. Moreover, even this tendency toward partial amnesia is promoted by a ‘self’ that is in itself conditioned by early traumatic experience. Hence the subject is twice challenged to relieve himself/herself from the conflicted mental makeup. The outcome of this churning is the compromised solution of a MPD, whereby, the subject swings between the original composite personality and the forced-aspiring personality. The former is the personality as it is, whereas the latter is the personality desired. The interesting thing about memory is how it is tagged with verbal identifiers. These identifiers are culturally determined and are usually dependent upon the prevalent ideas, norms and fashions attached to the particular cultural milieu. In this context, memory is an extension of the language faculty in humans. Usually, it is the most emotive experience which is also the most memorable. Emotions arise out of subjective feelings. They are also fleeting and replicable in various similar situations. Hence our psyches crave for a method in which the valued experience is concretized. Words and set-phrases that were earlier acquired from the cultural environment are perused for this purpose. Hence, to answer a famous literary poser, calling a Rose by any other name, changes everything about the object and its associations. As Hacking observes in the book, the process of acquisition of memory and even the development of intelligence has a strong basis in semantics. Yet, the obvious danger is that the semantics might ‘justify’ apparently

Nursing - team working for presentation paper Essay

Nursing - team working for presentation paper - Essay Example The forming stage is characterized by polite interaction designed to test the waters and establish trust (Team Development [Onlin], 2008). Our team began like this. We had to get to know each other to determine roles and assignments but initially it seemed that none of us really stepped up to take control of the group. We were definitely being polite but not very productive. This was an awkward stage for us and we each struggled to establish ourselves in the group. During our forming stage we had to decide when and how we were going to meet together. As a mother, I seemed to have the least flexible schedule. It was next to impossible to find a time that would work for me and the other group members. I appreciated that they were willing to accommodate my needs for meeting times. This problem surprisingly seemed to pull us together as we struggled to find a solution to our "meeting time" problem. We had to be innovative in our approach (Goldratt, 1992). It was decided that we had to meet together physically at least a few times to put together the elements of our presentation but we all felt that we were responsible enough to accomplish quite a bit in between meetings, via e-mail, chat room and cell phone. This turned out well and was a successful soloution to a problem that surfaced early. Storming is the next stage of team development. This is where members usually test and challenge each other and it is where leadership typically begins to form (Clinotn, Lunny, 1997). At first we all were fairly reluctant to take on a leadership role. According to Levi this is often because many team members in the early stages don't want to be identified as 'pushy or bossy' (2007). During this phase of our group during our initial contacts I often found myself in the role of leader which surprised me. In looking at the ages of our group members I realized that in fact I was the oldest and that the team seemed to be naturally looking to me for direction. Some group theories indicate that often group members re-create dynamics from their family of origin (Neill, 2007). As the oldest of the team, I found myself pushing the younger members, especially the youngest to complete assignments and communicate with the group. There was quite a bit of testing during this stage (Yalom, 1995). W e seemed to be testing each others commitment to the project and there were times when one or more of us would have trouble getting to meetings, getting back in touch or completing parts of our assignments. We all seemed a little nervous during this stage and things aeemed chaotic and unpredictable. Despite some of the difficulties we remained supportive of one another and in the end the chaos of this stage helped our group develop (Shaw, 1961). The next stage we entered was that of norming. It is in this stage that members really begin to trust each, establish their roles and begin to be most productive (Blair, 2008). This is where we really began to get something accomplished. We also were getting comfortable with each other and our different styles of communication (Cott, 1997). We all had different personality types but by this time it seemed more of strength than a weakness (Delbecq, Van de Ven,1971). We also had different likes and dislikes in the work that was needed for the project so we tried to

Meditations on First Philosophy Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Meditations on First Philosophy - Article Example example of this is given in the â€Å"letter to the Sorbonne† what it says that great people like Archimedes, Apollonius Pappus and the rest and presented facts which have been universally accepted, though very few understand it’s intricacies for the mere fact they’re quite long and only a reader who exhibits good concentration powers could understand them. Another point of great importance that I picked up was that one’s mind should not be filled with preconceived notions and opinions when trying to weigh the pros and cons and decipher between the right and the wrong. On the other hand, the mind should be detached from any involvement with the senses, so as to provide the person with a clear perspective of thinking. Most people just accept the facts as they are and never bother to oppose or refute it. They present a wrong picture that they have understood it completely and sometimes they commit the great mistake in rejecting the truth. In a subject like geometry the desired result is obtained by strictly following the rules. This is not so in a subject like philosophy because there are two sides to the coin which is open to argument because no argument is free from mistakes. It is only when any argument is thoroughly debated, supplemented and can decide to the extent that they are considered to be absolutely authentic, only then can a declaration or a public statement of the same should be exercised. People who are as intelligent as you would be easily subscribe to the genuineness of your opinion. In the case of atheist, the are considered to be posers more than people who learned or

What is my position on drug testing welfare recipients to receive Research Paper

What is my position on drug testing welfare recipients to receive their benefits - Research Paper Example Also this topic affects those who are and are not on welfare. Smith, Phillip.  Welfare. Digital image.  Raising Awareness of the Consequences of Prohibition. N.p., 26 Feb. 2013. Web. 28 Feb. 2013. In my research I have found to be two sides to this argument â€Å"Proponents say testing would help the recipients and protect taxpayers. Opponents argue that the practice is unconstitutional and mean-spirited.† (Vitter 141) Both parties make really convincing arguments and surely drove me crazy trying to choose a side â€Å"The proponents of drug testing welfare argue that it is irresponsible for any government to fund people who they know are using drugs† (Chelsea 2). It is true that there are drug addicts everywhere but let us faces the facts; they buy their drugs with their own money and do not depend on any government to finance their addiction. It is therefore illogical for any person on welfare to be addicted to any sort of drugs since they cannot even fend for the mselves and instead depend on welfare funds. Governments provide unemployed people with some amount of money to enable them take care of themselves as well as their children. However, it is common that most people on welfare do not use this money well and instead use it on drugs and other activities that are not beneficial at all. Statistics from the Temporary Assistance for the Needy says that around 50% of all people on welfare programs are addicted to drugs. â€Å"The results suggested that, contrary to popular opinion, most welfare recipients were not alcohol- or other drugdependent.† (Chelsea 2) it is also shown that out of this population, 75% cannot fend for themselves because of their dependency on drugs. ... This means that it is because of drugs that almost 40% of all people in welfare programs are on this programs. â€Å"It is therefore illogical for governments and other nongovernmental organizations to give out money to these same people to continue with their lifestyle† (Debate club 11). This is the reason why most people propose that before anyone enters a welfare program, they need to be tested to ensure that we are not funding drug addicts to continue with their addiction problems. Most politicians and other stakeholders argue that if this system is put in place, not only will most of the drug addicts stop due to financial constraints, they will have to so that they can get a chance to get into the program. This is therefore a long-term strategy to reduce drug abuse in the US. Debate club, â€Å"a meeting of the sharpest minds on the days most important topics†, 6 Match . 2012. Web. 28 Feb. 2013 When this matter got to the senate, it was an arguable issue and most p roponents argued that aid has to be provided based on reciprocal obligation. Reaction to the result from tested prisoners which showed that â€Å"Welfare-receiving arrestees were more likely to test positive for benzodiazepines (16 percent vs. 7 percent,/? < 0.01) and opiates (13 percent vs. 6 percent, p < 0.05)† (Yacoubian, 143)This was aThis means that whenever aid is given, there has to be some obligation by the person receiving this kind of help. â€Å"In West Virginia, delegate CraigBlair wants all welfare recipients to undergo drug testing as a condition of receiving welfare, unemployment compensation,† (Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly 1)This has to apply

Meditations on First Philosophy Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Meditations on First Philosophy - Article Example example of this is given in the â€Å"letter to the Sorbonne† what it says that great people like Archimedes, Apollonius Pappus and the rest and presented facts which have been universally accepted, though very few understand it’s intricacies for the mere fact they’re quite long and only a reader who exhibits good concentration powers could understand them. Another point of great importance that I picked up was that one’s mind should not be filled with preconceived notions and opinions when trying to weigh the pros and cons and decipher between the right and the wrong. On the other hand, the mind should be detached from any involvement with the senses, so as to provide the person with a clear perspective of thinking. Most people just accept the facts as they are and never bother to oppose or refute it. They present a wrong picture that they have understood it completely and sometimes they commit the great mistake in rejecting the truth. In a subject like geometry the desired result is obtained by strictly following the rules. This is not so in a subject like philosophy because there are two sides to the coin which is open to argument because no argument is free from mistakes. It is only when any argument is thoroughly debated, supplemented and can decide to the extent that they are considered to be absolutely authentic, only then can a declaration or a public statement of the same should be exercised. People who are as intelligent as you would be easily subscribe to the genuineness of your opinion. In the case of atheist, the are considered to be posers more than people who learned or

The Teach for America helps the education reform Essay

The Teach for America helps the education reform - Essay Example ugh the TFA wants to make the best reforms for the American educational system, critics argue that the short duration training is not enough for the corps members. This has brought forth the debate as to whether or not the TFA is indeed making a positive change in the society or if it is making matters worse by giving students inexperienced teachers to guide them. Teach For America (TFA) is a non-profit organization that was founded in 1989 by Wendy Kopp. The organization operates on the motto: â€Å"One day, all children in this nation will have the opportunity to attain an excellent education† and is driven by its mission: â€Å"To eliminate educational inequality by enlisting high-achieving recent college graduates and professionals to teach for two years in low-income communities throughout the United States.† In its first year of operation, TFA recruited and placed 500 teachers in various schools across the nation. The number has risen by over 50% over the decades. As suggested in its mission; the TFA recruits college graduates and professionals to teach in urban and rural communities throughout the US for two consecutive years. The recruits are known as corps members, and they do not have to be certified teachers (Tulenko 20). The corps members in TFA are cheaper so that they will give pressure to the tenure teachers to improve teaching performances.  Most of the TFA corps members are fresh college graduates who are eager to make a change in the society. Majority of them are hoping that they will be in a position to help the underprivileged students form low income families to get better grades. Many of them are liable to hearsay about the training program offered by the TFA and how it is aimed at making positive educational reforms. They are also aware of the fact that they will be placed in jobs at various schools across their country. Unaware of the problems that they will encounter due to poor training, they enroll for the program. Once they have

Evaluating the effects that the alternative approaches may have on the structure and functions of WHSmith, and how they achieve their objectives Essay Example for Free

Evaluating the effects that the alternative approaches may have on the structure and functions of WHSmith, and how they achieve their objectives Essay Evaluating the effects that the alternative approaches may have on the structure and functions of WHSmith, and how they achieve their objectives When looking at effects that will arise due to alternative approaches WHSmith could change to help the company meet its objectives, I must look how these changes will affect the structure, how the functions will be affected and how it will help them to meet their objectives. When looking at the first alternative approach suggested to WHSmith the first problem that would arise would be that new members of staff would be needed. These could either be recruited by the training. Obviously, this training will need to be very intense as they will have to be able solve any problems that may occur in every situation so that customers will be kept happy and will feel that the store are trying their best to please them in the Internet cafe. Also the communications supervisor or current employees would need to be re-trained so that they will be able to either help run the cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½, or to become a technician so that if there are any problems in which computers encounter any problems or fail to work then either these new or current employees should be able to fix the problem. The managers may need external training as WHSmith, Milton Keynes will probably not have the correct resources to train up these managers efficiently, meaning they may need off-the-job training either at a branch that may have the correct training staff, or at a college where they can learn this management role. This will mean there will be an added cost to the business, as staff are being trained away from the store, but this should pay off as it will be affective and will allow the Internet cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ to be very well run. Also this will mean external communications will improve, as the store will need to have better links with the off-the-job training centre which may be a college so that both can communicate and ensure that the training given is correct to the line of work. This alternative approach of better meeting the objectives will mean that the organisational structure of WHSmith will change. This is because new levels will be created within the structure, which could either be adding new people to the sales staff part, which would not really make a big impact on the structure as it will still look the same, just there will be a few more people added to the bottom, which should be ok as communication is good in store and should not change due to a few extra employees. They could also consult with the manager about any thing that may need to be changed in this Internet cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ to help profits to be increased, and increase the amount of customers using the computer. However with a new manager or managers that may be needed within the store to help the cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ to be run effectively, it will have bigger effect on the organisation structure. This is because they will need to be added to the sales and service supervisor management levels as they will be providing service to customers and also sales, as any food that may be on sale will count as sales towards the business, as it will increase the companies profit. This will mean the structure will become bigger, and will have a wider level where the sales and service supervisors, which will benefit sales staff as they will have more shop floor supervisors to consult if they cannot deal with customers for one reason or another. This will also benefit customers, as sales staff will spend less time looking for supervisors if they are needed due to their being more there. However with this widening of the structure taking place it will mean more wages will need to be paid out and the managers will have to supervise more line managers, which could prove difficult if there are lots of different problems, which may then mean more senior managers may need to be brought in to help keep the store running effectively and smoothly again increasing staff wages payments per month. But this may benefit the store in the long run as customers will be happier and this should bring in more income. This alternative approach will also affect the external communications. This is because if new computers are being bought in they will be very powerful, and will probably all have up-to-date equipment on. This would mean that the office could network up to the main computer, which would mean it would be much newer then the one that is currently in place at the moment. This could mean that if other stores are up-to-date with the same technology as WHSmith, Milton Keynes they could do video-conferencing with each other, and possibly with head office as well. Thus, the manager would not need to be called away from the branch for a meeting that is in, e.g. Aylesbury, as happens quite frequently. This would save a lot of time for him, which would also mean travelling costs and the time wasted driving there would be saved, as a result of this video-conferencing. Therefore, Ian wouldnt have to leave his office for these meetings to take place which would be a massive advantage. This would happen as a result of the computers being bought for the Internet cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½, which would not be any extra cost to the store, as it would already be in place. Therefore the external communications would improve with other branches and head office as they could link up very quickly with each, and also see each other, which could not happen with any other form of communication. Also the external communications would improve because with this new computer in the managers office CDs could be produced which would have all pictures, details, prices and information of all products in store. These could then be sent to all regular customers who will have the technology to view this CD, meaning they could view products and order them at home, meaning they wouldnt have to go into the store. This would be very advantageous to disabled people. The internal communications will also be affected, as more levels of employees and managers on the shop floor will mean that more internal phones will be needed to enable good communication to still be present in store. This will not cost that much and will be very advantageous as customers will be kept happy, due to the inexpensive internal phones. Also new daily-briefings may be needed so that separate briefings can be held for sales employees who work in the main part of the store selling products, and one held for those who are going to be working in the Internet cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. This is so that sales staff do not have to listen to the briefing to the Internet cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ staff, as they will not need to know this information, as they dont work there. This will take longer for the manager to carry out, but will be effective as the manager will not have to waste time only talking to a few members of staff in a big group, who do not understand what they are talking about, which will mean they are sitting in the staff room getting paid to listen to irrelevant information. The separate briefings will mean either sales staff or Internet cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ employees can be working and using the time more effectively whilst the other group are being talked to, which will save company time and money. The objectives that will be met from producing this Internet cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ is that most of them are to do with customer satisfaction which would not be a problem with this new change that could take place in store. Another objective could then be created from this new Internet cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ within WHSmith, which could be something like, Try to help customers satisfy their every need in store which could then aim to be achieved along with the other eight objectives, of which five are currently being met. Specific objectives that will be met due to this Internet cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ being produced are that WHSmith will be delivering the best in service, as they will have bought in lots of new staff and management to help ensure high standards of service are still being met. This will mean that customers will be kept happy, as there will be lots of staff at hand for their every need. Also the objective of providing value for money will be met because the prices for the goods in store will be low and satisfying for customers to ensure they will be happy in store and spend lots of money there. Another objective that will be met from the new Internet cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ is that they are continually raising standards of service in all areas of the business. This objective also interlinks with leading the industry in the innovative use of technology. This is because the Internet cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ will have brought in very hi-tech equipment, which will be available for customers in store. This kind of technology is not likely to be available in other rival stores which will suggest to customers, why bother going to these stores when WHSmith is providing new technology and low prices? This is what WHSmith wants customers to think so that these objectives are being met due to the cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. The store is raising standards of service due to the new staff that are going to be employed in store so that service will be quickened up. Also the service will be improved due to their being more varieties of things to do in store, which will make customers have more choice whether they shop or go on the Internet which shows they are being considered throughout the changes in store, meaning service levels are being improved too. This shows that the opening of the Internet cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ would be good for meeting objectives, as a new objective can be produced and aimed to be met, as well as at least three current objectives being met even more then they are already, which would be a great achievement for the store as a whole. The effects that the Internet cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ will have on the functions of the business is that a new department may need to be created in store to enable the computer side of the Internet cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ to be run smoothly. This department may be run by only a few people but will need to be in permanent contact with the shop floor to enable any problems that have arisen to be put right quickly. These problems could range from the computers freezing to any other list of problems that can occur from computers. This department will need to have highly skilled employees, who have had off-the-job training, so that any problems can be dealt with. This department could be called the ICT department as it is dealing with communications between employees and staff, and also technology from the hi-tech computers. This department will need to be in close contact with the finance department. This is because vast amounts of money should be taken from either the cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ side of the creation, or from customers who are paying to use the computers. This will mean change will need to be kept at the tills as customers who spend small amounts of cash with a à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½20 will not expect 50ps in change! Also money will need to be counted by the cash office either once or twice a day from the tills and receipts checked to ensure enough business is being bought in, and if it is not then why not. Another department that may need to be created within the store is a health and hygiene department. This is because the food that will either be created or bought in to the store will need to be of a high standard so that customers are kept happy and satisfied. It also needs to meet health levels so that customers do not get food poisoning from any food consumed in store. This department will also need to be in close contact with the head office of WHSmith to ensure that standards are being met and that they are happy with what is being done in store. This department will also need to be in close contact with the trading department. This is so that they can buy in extra goods that can then be dispatched to the Milton Keynes branch so that they can be sold. This will also mean that the external communications will need to be good so that the trading department will buy in the correct good to be sold. When looking at the idea of having a clocking-in system, this alternative approach to better help the store in all aspects, will obviously have a positive effect on WHSmith. One problem of bringing in this clocking-in system will be that the system will need to be installed in store. This will not be too expensive to do, but lots of cards (built in with chips) will be needed so that all employees can have them when they go into work. This will mean a meeting will need to be held so that staff can receive their cards and they will also need to be informed about what to do upon entering work with their cards. The first positive aspect this system will mean that staff will not have tick their name off a list by the managers office when they start and finish work stating the amount of hours they have worked. This is because the system will take down the name of the employee, the time they clocked in, the time they clocked out and the dates they have worked. This can then, if it is hi-tech enough, be linked up to a computer so that the hours worked of all employees can be sent to head office where pay slips are produced so the hours sheets will not need to be checked by the member of staff employed in that area will not have to check hours have been entered correctly be employees (and that someone hasnt put they have worked 8 hours when they have only worked 4!) This will mean that this member of staff will have more time in the other areas of worked they are employed in. However as this member of staff only works Sundays at this store, and works at other stores during the week checking the time sheets there, as they dont have clocking in systems, she may not be needed at the Milton Keynes branch. This will be an advantage to the store as it will save outgoings, (wages), on employing her. Also another positive aspect this will have on the store is that it will mean it will save lots of different time sheets being printed off, as 5 sheets are needed each week for employees to tick their names and hours off, which can add up over time. Also if there was a fire it wouldnt be too bad because before the paper would have been burnt, but now the clocking in system will be strong and will probably not be destroyed by a fire. This would have meant all staff members; hours would have been lost, which may have meant they didnt get paid for hours worked due to this fire. This will not happen now due to the clocking-in system. The organisational structure of the store will only be slightly affected by this clocking-in system. This is because one of the sales and service supervisors who used to check all the hours worked and that all the time sheets were correct on each Sunday will no longer be required. This is because the clocking-in system will automatically calculate the hours as it is linked up to a computer meaning there will be no chance of human error. This will make the structure of the store slightly narrower, but due to the organisational structure included in this coursework it cannot be seen as only two sales and service supervisors have been included, as I couldnt fit on the correct amount to the chart. This will mean slightly less wages will need to be paid out which again is another advantage of the system. This alternative approach will also affect the external communications. This is because the clocking-in system will mean that not as many communications will need to take place. This is due to the ability of the clocking-in system to calculate the hours worked by employees, and the days that they have worked. This can then be put into a database (like Excel) and this can be sent via E-mail or Electronic Data Interchange to Head Office. This will mean that less communication will be needed between the Milton Keynes branch and Head Office. This is because before the clocking-in system was introduced, one of the sales and service supervisors had to calculate all the hours worked by employees over the week, add these up and send a letter to Head Office confirming these hours worked. This meant that it took time for Head Office to receive the time sheets and there was also a chance that these hours could get lost in the post. This is why the clocking-in system can help affect this extern al communication with Head Office, because it is up to date and links to computers, meaning e-mails can be sent rather than post. Also the internal communications will be affected because the clocking-in system will help staff in store to know that they are going to be finishing when they are supposed to be. Also staff will know where other staff members are at a specified time as the rotas will be correct and will not be running 10 minutes late due to the unpunctuality of some staff. This will mean communications in store will be good and will help staff to feel happy, as they will not be working when someone else should be as they are late. The amount of internal communications can also be reduced due to the clocking-in system. This is because before when staff were late other staff members and the manager had to discuss people being late, and then this meant the manager had to speak to the employee. With the new clocking-in system in space it will mean the communications between the employees who were not late but wanted to tell the manager about those who were not on time will not be needed as the clocking-I system will be able to tell the manager exactly who was late and when. This can mean that, say, at the end of the month the manager can talk to all unpunctual employees as a whole about this problem, and what they are going to do about it in order for them to keep their job. This will mean that the manager will not have to talk to individuals, which would be very time consuming, and a waste of company time so the internal communications will help to be kept to only the most important matters about the store and customers not about staff being late. The objectives that will be met from introducing this clocking-in system are that staff can be kept inspired and motivated. The way this can be achieved is by using the system to see which employees turn up for work each day. This can mean that staff who turn up for work early on a regular or continuous basis can be rewarded. This could be in the form of giving them a choice of what work they want to do, or give them a higher discount on the goods in store. This will mean that everyone who is employed in the store will want to turn up for work early to enable them to get one of these rewards. These are only examples of rewards and could be changed by the store depending on different aspects, e.g. costs of supplying the rewards etc. This will mean that staff are turning up earlier for work each day, which will mean they will start earlier and will get more done throughout the day. This will mean that staff are being kept motivated as they will want to gain the rewards on offer by turning up earlier, and they will also be kept motivated as they can do things in store which will be picked up by the manager which may also help them to gain a reward of some description. Another objective that can be met from the clocking-in system is that the store will be delivering the best in service. The way this will be met is because everything in the store will be running to the correct time which will help to keep staff happy. This will mean they will be in a good mood when they come to communicate or serve customers. Therefore, the members of staff will provide a high level or even the very best in service to customers as they have no excuse not to. This will mean customers will be kept happy with the high service being provided, due to the clocking-in system keeping things running smoothly and to time in store. A final objective, which can be helped to be met due to the new system in store, is raising standards of service within the business. This ties in with the previous objective. The way this can be met is because with staff in store continually being punctual for work then this is the first step of raising service levels in store. This is because with staff all present in store customers will be able to be served easily meaning service is high. The way the clocking-in system will help raise standards of service will work in the same way, as punctuality is a key to helping service remain high. Also staff will be kept happy as mentioned in the previous objective, which will mean staff presence and pleasantness will help raise standards of service across the store. The effects that the clocking-in system will have on the functions of the business are that not much will really change due to this clocking-in system. This is because at the moment the only things that are present are times sheets, which are on the wall by the managers office. The store is too small to have a new department created and would be a waste of time and money creating it as it is not needed. This is because all the work takes place at Head Office as they create all the payslips relating to hours worked. The Milton Keynes store does not do this. If anything were to change in the area of the functions in the MK store it would be that the managers office may need to be increased in size. This is because the manager may need to employ someone (or keep the sales and service supervisor) to deal with the time sheets that have been sent to the computer in there using the clocking-in system. This is so that they can be sent to Head Office. Obviously, this change will not be very big so the effects the clocking-in system will have on the store is minimal, meaning no extra money will need to be spent to enable the system to be more effective, which is a good thing. When looking at whether the installation of more tills in WHSmith, Milton Keynes, it is obvious this will have a positive effect on the store. This was explained in A1 but will basically help to keep queuing times shortened which will please customers. This will not cost too much to do, but should be done after Christmas when the new tills are installed. This will ultimately help to increase the profits of the store. The effect that the tills will have on the organisational structure is that it will mean the Milton Keynes structure will need to become bigger. This is because if more tills are to become open it will mean new staff will need to be recruited and trained so that they can operate on either the old tills, or they could work on the new tills. This will mean that they will also need to be trained in other aspects of work around the store, as they would only need to go on the tills when it becomes busy. This will mean that the structure of the branch will become wider at the bottom which is where all the sales floor staff are. Therefore, it will mean the sales and service supervisors will have more employees to look after and support when they need help or are unsure what to do. This may mean that a new supervisor may be needed to help cope with the demand from the sales staff as the run up to Christmas can be very busy and demanding which could become very stressful on them. Because there are more staff it will mean that the internal communication will be affected in a negative way. The way this will happen is because there will be more sales staff than there has ever been working on the shop floor. As there will be an increased amount working it will mean that the senior people in the stores (manager, assistant manager, operations supervisor etc) will have more people to deal with. This can make it difficult to deal with individual members of staff or to talk to them, as they will not have enough time to talk to individuals. This may make some employees feel neglected and that they are not being recognised due to the fact that they have a lack of communication with these senior workers in store. This will not be because they do not want to talk with employees, it will be because they will not be able to as they are very busy people and have a lot of work to do. This may mean that more staff meetings may need to be held more frequently to help bring managers and employees together so that they can communicate with each other as this may be the only way to help everyone keep in contact. However, this cannot happen during work time as customers will need to be served and they cannot just leave the store unattended! This/These meeting/s may therefore have to take place after work one day when the store is closed. But will any employees want to stay behind work to have meetings? Very few may want to do this, meaning there will be a breakdown in communication in store, which will not have a very good impact on the working environment. This may mean employees may have to be paid money to stay for the meetings as overtime, which will cost the company money, which should not need to happen. This is why more tills will have a negative effect on the internal communication in store. The external communications will also be affected. The way this will happen is because there will be a better communication between customers and employees. This will be due to the increase in the amount of tills in store because new employees will be needed in order for the tills to be run successfully. This will therefore mean there will be additional members of staff to help accommodate customers needs, in any way that they need them to be sorted. This will mean that there will be more communication between employees and customers as there will be more of them, and it will also mean there will be stronger links between the two. This will therefore mean that communications between the two will be affected in a positive way as customers will be able to find help easier in store when they need it, which will also help them to remain pleased and will make them want to carry on shopping in Smiths for these reasons. The objectives that will be met from installing new tills are that it will show that the store is continually raising standards of service in the business. This is because the increased amount of tills in store will mean that it is proving to the customers that they are trying to help to increase service levels and reduce queuing times. This is a good thing because if they are showing they can improve one thing in store (amount of tills), it will show that numerous other things can be improved as well and will not take masses amounts of time to do, as the tills have not. The increased amount of tills will also show that more employees have been taken on and have been trained to high standards, meaning no matter which till the customer purchases their goods from they will still be served at a high level, which is a good thing and helps to prove that the objective is being met. Another objective, which is being met from introducing new tills, is that employees will be kept motivated. The reason for this is that with new tills it will mean that new employees will be needed. This will mean that the new employees will only need to go on the tills when it becomes busy. However, speaking from experience, working on the tills in store can become very tedious after periods of time. This is because of the same actions made possibly hundreds of times in a short period of time on busy days. This can make staff feel de-motivated as they become bored doing the same thing over and over. But due to these tills only being needed to be opened when it is busy, they will only need to be open for certain periods of time meaning the employees who work on these tills will be doing different work when the tills are shut. This can mean that when they are working around the shop floor they may enjoy it more and feel more motivated. But when they get bored of working around the shop they may be needed on the tills again. This will make them feel more motivated when they go back on the tills and if this process continues to carry on (working on tills and then on the shop floor) they may feel less bored and will enjoy their work more, which will in turn mean customers will be treated better, which means the introduction of more tills will help this objective to be met better. The effects that the increased amount of tills will have on the functions of the business are that it will mean that the cash office that is in store may need to either be increased in size or it may need to have more employees (of authority) working in there. The reason for this is because busy days (weekends) will mean the new tills will most probably be open for a majority of the day, if not all. This will mean there will be a bigger demand from employees to be kept up-to-date on their tills. The most important things that are needed on the tills are that change needs to be kept topped up in the tills, gift vouchers run out regularly and need replacing often especially at Christmas as they are given as presents a lot, phone vouchers also sell fast as well as stamps. Activation codes for magazine subscriptions are also kept in the till in few amounts and because there is an offer of 3 for 2 it encourages customers to buy 3, which means 3 activation codes are needed. This will mean there will be a bigger demand from the tills as there will be more that need to be kept toped up. The reason why vast amounts of cash, gift vouchers, stamps and phone vouchers are not kept in the tills is because if there was a robbery to occur in store it is very easy for the till to be removed from its case. This is made easier as notes, which are put in the counter cache by employees, are on the other side of the till when it is open. This makes the till an easy target for robbers to take which is why WHSmith, Milton Keynes does not run the risk of keeping masses of notes, coins or anything else in the till. This is why someone else may need to be employed in the cash office so that it can be run efficiently and so that tills can be refreshed when necessary, without any difficulty. The other function of the store, which may be affected by more tills, is the small function of the recruiting of new staff run by the training and communications supervisor. This is because she will need to employ some new staff so that the new tills can be run when they need to be, and are, opened in store. This will just be like any other recruiting done by Louise but will need to be done simply for the new tills. This will therefore only be a small effect and will not last very long but it will still affect the business, as increased wages will need to be paid out. This will mean that the time sheets will need to be updated by the sales and service supervisor in charge of them, unless they install the new clocking-in system. This will mean the new employees hours worked will need to be calculated and dealt with which is the other small effect these new tills will have on a function of the store. In saying this I feel that I have evaluated the effects that these new, or alternate approaches, will have on various aspects explained above in the store.